Community Narratives

On Monday Cindy started us off with a review of "Showing, not Telling" sentences. We selected a few of the children's applique blocks to pull out a simple sentence, and the children had to come up with descriptive adjectives and adverbs using their thesauruses to expand their sentences. For example:

Seth's urban burglar on the roof

"The burglar is on the roof" (typical simple 3rd grade sentence inspired by one of the embroideries)
burglar: sneaky, quiet, malicious, bad, bungling, etc.
roof: slanted, flat, tall, high, pitched, slippery, dangerous, etc.
is? (could be a more active sentence): climbed quietly, slinked carefully, waited patiently, tip-toed precariously, etc.
==> "The quiet, sneaky burglar slinked carefully across the slippery, slanted roof" (much more interesting sentence!)

After creating some more interesting sentences, we explained that entire stories could come out of the children's pictures. We talked about using the setting (rural, suburban, urban) from their pictures and choosing characters to live there (perhaps from the details they stitched). We came up with some examples of problems and solutions the characters might experience if they lived inside the children's pictures. Then we brainstormed what a beginning, middle, and end of the story might be. The children were provided with a graphic organizer to use for their brainstorming, and I passed their embroideries back to them. I encouraged the students to look at what they had created, imagine themselves entering the picture, and think about what it might be like to live there- what would it be like? What problems would there be?

Alex said she had a daycare center, a school, a park, and an animal adoption center. She made up a story where the children from the school went to visit the adoption center, but a dog escaped, ran around the park, and the children helped capture him again! 

Cindy and I worked around the room, talked to the children about their plans, helped elicit ideas, and kept everyone focused. When children were stuck I asked them to tell me a little about their picture- what buildings had they included, who lived there, what's happening, where could people go, what could they do in that community?
The brainstorming activity took up our morning session, but all the children completed their organizer for the writing of a narrative problem/solution story based off of their community applique embroidery. Since we need to make up some time, we decided I should stay for the afternoon as well to work towards our next goal of a finished written piece inspired by their own artwork.

Emily's grumpy farmer- his sheep kept escaping to the clover field

In our afternoon session Cindy modeled how to use the graphic organizer to flesh out a story using one of the children's appliques and organizers. As a class we offered both plot suggestions as well as vocabulary suggestions for making the story more fun and interesting for the reader. Doing this as a group hopefully helped the children see how the descriptive words they choose can help a writer make decisions. For example, if a character is a "grumpy farmer", well why was he grumpy in the first place? Once the activity was modeled, we passed out writing paper to start the first draft. Again Cindy and I worked the room, helping students stay on task, asking questions to spark their imagination, and editing the drafts as they were complete.

We've decided to have the children create another handmade book for the final version of the stories and illustrate them. I'm scanning thir pictures in to print and use for the covers.

River Model-First Try at a Persuasive Writing

On Wednesday, Marie and I were all set to have the children compose a persuasive piece to be edited and used in a "brochure". This would give the students the experience/practice of using what they have learned about Main Idea and details as they write in a persuasive style, which they hadn't yet done. We talked about who their 'audience' would be (people that would come to visit the river) and the purpose of the writing (to convince those people to visit their river). We had a four-square with the general topics already put in to hand out to the kids. We had decided to use this opportunity to have the kids show what they understood about landforms (the first square); the source (the second square); and the mouth (the third square); as they tried to persuade people to visit their river.

As the lesson progressed, we could see that merging the idea of a persuasive piece with and informational piece (the landforms, the source, the mouth) was confusing for the students, and their writing was not focused. This was certainly a moment to reflect for me as a teacher! The students struggled through trying to include information as they tried to persuade, and the writing pieces needed so much support that I decided to simply use it as writing practice, and to start from scratch on Friday with a more defined writing task.

On Friday, before Marie arrived, I introduced a graphic organizer that was specific to a Persuasive Writing. I modeled the purpose of a persuasive (in this case a brochure) and filled in a large graphic organizer that had 3 Main Reasons, each branching off into 2 details. We decided on the 3 main reasons someone should visit the river would be 1) what you can do there 2) what you can see there and 3) how easy it is to get there. I used the kids ideas to fill in the 2 details for each of these Main Ideas, and reiterated the fact that the conclusion would restate the main purpose-Visit My River.

I then modeled writing each main idea as the beginning of each paragraph as a full sentence, and then added each detail as full sentences. I reminded them to add even more details, if they thought they could. I gave another mini-lesson on using a Thesaurus to find better (expensive) word choices to make their writing more interesting to the reader. I then handed out the blank version of the graphic organizer I had used on the board.

Now the students had 2 tasks to focus on, the persuasive writing and using better word choices. The persuasive writing and the searching for better word choices had also both been modeled. Now, the task began to move smoothly! By the time Marie arrived, most of the students were done the graphic organizer and ready to begin the writing. Marie explained how they would make the brochure, and noted the visual elements that would draw "potential visitors" to take a brochure and then perhaps decide to visit the river. She explained how just as the writing was important, so was the decorative aspects of the brochure. She encouraged them to look closely at their writing to choose what to decorate the brochure with (we were using lots of stamps of Naure); again connecting the art to the writing.

Danielle is ready to put her text and picture into her brochure cover

The lesson went smoothly, as each child finished their rough draft, they came to me for editing and then to Marie to embellish the brochure. As in all writing tasks, each child moved at their own pace and the classroom was full of children at different steps of productivity! The writing in the brochures was now more focused and lots of students actually used the thesaurus to change particular words!

Note: I should mention at this point that this particular group of third graders came in September as Basic and Below Basic Readers and Writers, and 1/3 of the class have IEP's that entitle them to extra support from a Resource Room Teacher. Math is also challenge for them. I have adjusted my teaching style since September to accomodate the types of learners in this classroom, we move steadily and methodically, with lots of visual prompts and reminders.

River model wrap-up

Cindy and I recognized an opportunity for an added writing activity and assessment based off of the students' completed river models. We decided to have them create a brochure to invite tourists to visit their river as a persuasive writing piece. I remembered the children being very excited about Captain Dee's riverboat brochure when we went to Upper Black Eddy and thought they'd enjoy making their own. As I started to introduce the concept of the brochure on Wednesday, one of the students pulled out that very brochure from his desk! We looked at what kind of information is included in an advertisement, such as pictures, exciting sensory descriptions of what people will do and see, and contact information.
We had the students look at their river models and fill out a four square writing organizer to prompt their writings, and Cindy modeled how to fill it out on a transparency on the overhead projector. The reading specialist was with us, and she created a set of sentence starters for the kids to use when they started writing their paragraphs. Despite the modeling and the sentence starters, the writing portion was a challenge for many of the students. It took a lot of work and editing to push their ideas.
I think the students' "plateau" was evident. I'm going to read some when I go in on Friday and see if they're what we want to use as the final "copy" for their river brochure. On Friday we'll paint and stamp the background paper and draw pictures to include in the brochure. I've taken photos of ant's eye views of their maps to collage in (see above). If time allows, they'll include their writing, if not, Cindy is considering a revised, more persuasive version of the writing. On the one hand it's frustrating that this supplemental extension activity did not go as simply as I had thought it would, but on the other hand it's good to be able to identify the students' strength and weaknesses to know what we need to work on.

Interviews with students

Day 4: Furtraders Narrative

Cindy 's writing with art lesson

Today Cindy presented our lesson centered around narrative writing and I took the debriefer/observer role. It's always fun to watch Cindy teach because she has a great rapport with her students and she's very expressive. She began my reminding the students of the mini-lessons they had worked on for planning a narrative. To mark how the narrative writing is different she asked the kids what kind of writing we had done last time (foursquare! response, informational). She wrote informational and narrative on the board and made sure the kids understood the distinction. She emphasized that when we write we want to make the reader interested and involved, and even entertained.

We passed out sketchbooks and pencils. Cindy passed out booksets about the artist Van Gogh. She said "Pretend these pictures are illustrations in a book, and we have to figure out the problem/solutions of the story". She asked if they knew what an illustration is. She asked the kids to glance through the book, but we weren't reading it today, just looking at the pictures. Some kids recognized Starry, Starry Night from art class. Cindy thought we should have our main idea umbrellas for our elements of art to help us talk, so I quickly drew them on the board.

elements of art main idea umbrellas

First we looked at a self-portrait of Van Gogh. "Does he look happy? Why not?" One boy, Justin, came up with a problem- he must have asked his girlfriend to marry him but she turned him down and now he was sad. This made us adults laugh thinking about poor jilted Van Gogh!!



looking at Van Gogh for problem/solution

 The next page contained a series of black and white reproductions of prints and drawings. "Ooh, these are in black and white..." (They're SKETCHES! was called out). As the kid looked at each image Cindy encouraged them to start off saying "I see..." to describe the scene and then asked them to imagine a problem and solution. She tried to give each student a chance and tried to pull out the quieter kids by calling on them directly. Many creative responses were supplied by the students and they seemed quite excited thinking up new stories from the pictures.

After a few rounds, Cindy asked "Do we all imagine the same story from the same picture?" (response: Nooooo, we all have different stories). "So when we go to a museum do we just walk by each painting and top for a few seconds, uhhuh... whatever...ok... passing by each one? What should you do?" (response: you should stop and make up a story). Some kids had a hard time getting started, and Cindy said "Well, tell me about it... first tell me what you SEE". And when a kid kept continuing with more problems and no solutions she said, "When a reader reads a problem and there's no solution, the reader gets sad or confused, but if you give a solution..." (response: Then the reader really GETS it!).

We came upon a very dark blue image, and Cindy said "What time of day is this? How do you know? Sometimes colors can give us a MOOD". She wasn't sure if she should bring this part of art elements up, but it was a very natural time to do so. I think Cindy knows a lot more about art then she thinks she does, and she led the discussion about the paintings very naturally, using the art vocabulary we had previously covered with the kids. The kids had so much fun making up problems and solutions that what was originally expected to be a preliminary exercise, became the main activity.
It was clear that the students had the concept, so we moved on to the image of the Furtraders on the Missouri. We passed out a new foursquare and copy of the painting for the kids to glue in their sketchbooks. Cindy demonstrated how to glue a page into the book since some had difficulty.
Cindy reviewed which information the kids should put in the boxes:
"First thing is..." (Look at the painting!)
" and then get the"... (information! the Setting! the characters!)... "and maybe the mood"
"then you'll invent a problem and solution"
She said, "Remember what Ms Elcin told us about looking at a painting- find the colors, shapes, foreground, and background. Like, what do you notice about this boat?" (response: Symmetry! It's straight.)
"What kind of a boat is it?" (Canoe) "Would you want to ride in that boat? How does the water look?"
"Let's imagine who these characters are.. friends, enemies, brothers, criminals?"


filling in a new foursquare

 At this point the kids started writing and Cindy and I roamed the room, offering tips, helping kids work out their ideas, and passing out final draft paper. We ran a little short on time, but Cindy said she'd allow them to finish their stories after lunchtime.


writing the good copy

 Before we finished, I wanted to inform them of our next activity, so I showed them a map screenprint I'd done on fabric, and said we were going to start talking about rivers, which was why we chose a river picture to write about today.

I think we have a good energy and cooperation going. The students seem very engaged and I'm hearing a lot of our art vocabulary from them. I'm currently thinking about what I can do about our river background collaborative piece that might connect to Cindy's geology unit somehow. Do you talk about strata?

3rd Lesson; Cindy's blog

This was the first lesson that the students had to use writing skills they have learned in the past 3 weeks of school. We have been VERY busy, frontloading the students with the writing skills that are necessary to be able to write informational pieces (using paragraphs, organized by graphic organizer-the four square). The writing mini-lessons I have taught and have given the students practice with are
1) organize your writing ideas (the four square)
2) use sensory words (still at beginning level)
3) follow Main Idea and Details format
4) use Signal Words to help your reader understand what you write
5) Use a "hook" at the beginning to make your reader want to read more
(I always suggest using a question as an introduction)
6) write a conclusion so your writing doesn't end in "mid-air" (a question here works well, also)
7) Use complete sentences and end marks (punctuation)

Marie's lesson provided them the perfect opportunity to practice some/all of these writing skills! We were very impressed that the students started to write directly into their graphic organizer (four-square) without too much confusion. Beginning writers often don't know how to"begin", Marie did an excellent job of putting "starters" in each square to get them going. They wrote very insightful responses to "The Gleaners", and are beginning to look at paintings in a new way. I'm thrilled that they are responding to art works and learning writing skills simultaneously!

The next lesson will be a different writing goal as they respond to a painting by creating a narrative, which must include a Problem/Solution. Let's hope it also goes as well!

3rd lesson: Gleaner foursquare and writing

Today was a catchup day to make sure we stayed on schedule before our trips. I came in early to read some of the students' baseline writing examples as well as score the art and fiber art pretests. As expected, the pretest scores were very low.

To begin our lesson Cindy reminded the students about the mini lessons on writing they'd been learning in the past week, including writing in paragraph form, using sensory words, using signal words (shown above), and beginning and ending with and interesting question or idea to catch the reader. I was unfamiliar with the term "signal words" so I asked the students to explain what it meant. Afterwards I had one group help distribute our sketchbooks.

While I set up our projector and image, I asked the kids if they remembered the title of our painting (The Gleaners), the name of the artist (Jean Francois Millet- we pronounced it again as a group), if they remembered how many kids he had (9), and if he lived in the city or the country (country). They remembered quite a lot of information! Once our image was up and ready, I asked the kids if they could tell me what they saw in the picture (many called out shapes and colors they could see). I revised to ask what THINGS they could see, because the shapes help describe objects and people in the pictures (then they responded trees, houses, a man on a horse, grass, women). When a student said "Grass", I said, well it's not grass, it's WHEAT. "Does anyone knows what we use wheat for?" (cereal, bread, cream of wheat, crackers). I explained that the wheat in our crackers grows in a field like in the picture, and that nowadays we have machines that cut down the grain, and trucks to carry it to factories to be processed into flour and baked goods. I asked if they remembered when the painting was made and how old it was (1857- about 150 years ago). I said that things were different back then and people had to do all the work.
I switched to a slide that only showed the background. "Is this far away or close to us? How do you know" (responded, far away because the things are small). I then explained the story of the background: the man on the horse is the boss, and all the people back there are working to harvest the wheat and stack it up to take to the barn. Then I switched to a cropped foreground view of the Gleaners. "Are the ladies close to us or far away and how can you tell?" (response- close to us because they're bigger). "Why do you think the ladies are far away from the other people?" (responses- they have a different job, they're slower, etc.) I explained that the ladies do not work for the man and they've gone into the field after the workers have already harvested the wheat.
I asked everybody to stand up, select one of the characters and try to take the pose of one of the women to feel their bodies. "What are they doing?" (response, picking up the grass and wheat). "Let's pretend we're picking up the wheat, bend over, pick some up and put it in your basket, bend over, pick up some more, etc". "How does it feel?" (my back hurts...) "Can you imagine doing this all day long in the hot sun, and your poor and hungry?" "Now how do you think the ladies feel?" I explained that the Gleaners are people who pick up and use what was left behind by other people, and these women are working in the field to get the leftover wheat so they have food to eat.

Having looked at the art, experienced the women's pose, and learning the story, it was time to write about it.
I passed out the new foursquare organizer and asked the students to glue it into their sketchbooks. I explained we're going to write a descriptive paragraph about one of the women in the picture. I said they should imagine they need to explain this picture to someone who has never seen it before and  use as many details and sensory words as possible to give the reader a clear image in their head. I reviewed each square and asked the students to respond by completing the sentence in each. The squares were :
-Describe what the woman looks like and what she's wearing, -Describe what the woman is doing, -Describe how the women feel, and -describe how you feel when you see this picture or what it reminds you of. Students moved at their own pace filling out their foursquares. Cindy and I moved around the room helping students stay on track, offering tips, and checking when students were prepared to start their finished writing.
When students were complete we asked them to draw a picture of what they thought their woman did NEXT. I reminded them to use details they noticed in The Gleaners, and remember line, shape, color, and depth elements. Some of them are very inventive and detailed, and I hope to go back and document some of them.

2nd Lesson

Marie does such a thorough job in objectively describing exactly what occurred during the lesson! Sequentially, there is not much more for me to add. The debriefing notes that I took during the lesson correspond exactly to her account. I will add "teacher" comments that Marie may or may not be aware of that she is doing as she teaches. Marie has a natural "teacher" ability to intuitively assess student knowledge, which she may not be aware of!

Marie began the lesson again by tapping the students prior knowledge from the previous lesson, and reviewing it with the students. The initial response to "What 2 elements did we learn about the last time I was here?" was students answering random details about the elements. They hadn't organized the elements into 2 "main" elements in their minds so they answered random words which seemed to correctly answer her question to them such as thick lines, geometric, curvy lines, organic, straight lines.

These answers showed that they had absorbed the information, but hadn't organized it in a way that they would be able to access it. I suggested the graphic organizer of using umbrellas for the main idea and the drops under each for the details. I drew the umbrella for LINES and added the drops of straight, curvy, thick and so on; then another for SHAPES with the drops labeled organic and geometric. We have used this graphic organizer before to organize information in a logical way that the kids understand. Marie caught right on and used the same strategy for COLOR, adding 2 drops for primary and secondary, then putting smaller drops under each naming the specific colors. She continuously checked for understanding as and I rotated around the room looking at the student's sketchbooks. Again, the referencing to the literary concept that the students will be exposed to repeatedly, Main Idea and Details!

The lesson then moved on to The Gleaners. Marie's account of this is so thorough, I will just add some things from my notes that she didn't mention. Whenever opportunity arises, I am sure to connect the disciplines so the students are aware that the subjects they learn about are connected. We calculated the years, we referred to the geographic location of France, we connected to student experiences- he had 9 children, he liked to draw the area around where he lived, and so on. The painting we were viewing was "real"; we compared it to a Non-fiction piece of writing, because it was something he "really saw". Marie asked what kind of writing we would compare it to if it were something he had made up, and they quickly replied, "Fiction!"

She then compared artists to writers in that they first sketch (showed the sketch), then paint; whereas the writer first does a rough draft, then writes. He changed his mind, like writers do, etc. She asked if the Main Idea was the same in both, students understood and said yes. She then reviewed the elements of art learned that day, as it was close to dismissal. The final note I added was
ARTIST--Organizer-- SKETCH
WRITER--Organizer--4- square

Day 2: The Gleaner

We like this shared debriefing, so we'll continue. It's interesting to learn each of our viewpoints on what happened.

Today we started at 1:30, Friday afternoon, and the weather and the room were incredibly hot! When I entered the children were working at their centers for the first time- this is a group-independent activity. Today I saw one table working on reading and listening to themselves say poems, one group was doing First in Math on the computers, another was creating an autobiographical picture timeline, another was making a comic strip with dialogue, another was practicing reader's theatre, etc. It was great to see that Mrs O' Donnell uses artistic and creative activities to help kids learn all the time.

I started off by learning all the kids' names by table, and reviewing them as we'd run out of time in the first session.Then we began by reviewing what was learned the lesson before. "What elements of art did we learn on Wednesday" (kids responded geometric, organic, etc), Cindy showed me the Main Idea Umbrella and detail raindrops organizer the kids have been using. We drew 2 big umbrellas on the board for our 2 elements learned so far and I elicited what big idea geometric and organic falls under (SHAPES!). I then elicited LINE and supporting details thick, thin, curved, straight, wavy, etc. I explained we would learn one or 2 more elements that would help us talk about art.
At this point we got interrupted by a fire drill! Luckily I'd already been through one at Comly and was familiar with the route. While waiting outside I tried to remember their names now that they were all mixed up, not by table order. When we came back upstairs I had the kids do some breathing exercises to help them calm down and cool down from the jaunt outside and down and back up the stairs.
I asked for a helper table for passing out our pencils and sketchbooks, and Cindy helped set up our computer and projector. I played the video from artist's toolkit  for color, which shows primary and secondary colors twice. I did call and response for "Red, Yellow, Blue, Primary too, Primary Colors, Red, Yellow, Blue". I drew the main idea umbrella for Color with details Primary and the supporting details of individual color names on the board. I asked the students to find their red, yellow, and blue pencils to make their personal notes/diagrams in their sketchbooks, labeled primary colors. After checking around the room and sharing how some of the students had organized their information, I did the same for Secondary colors. I did call and response for "Orange, Purple, Green, Secondary, Secondary colors, Orange, Purple, Green", and had the students mark their sketchbooks with secondary colors.
I brought focus back to the screen to play the "Depth" clip on the artist's toolkit website. I pointed out how shapes are big in the foreground to show they are close to us, and shapes are small in the background to show they are far away from us. I played it again so the students could make note of where objects were placed in the picture and how their sizes made the space convincing. After some more questions from the students, we got ready for the next step.
I asked the students to get out a gluestick and turn to a fresh page. We'd been working with only one page visible, but I wanted them to open it up flat with two facing pages empty and with the book turned. I selected a student from my helper table and pulled out the photocopies of The Gleaner to pass out. Ms McCaffrey, our  resource support teacher reminded me I should tell them which orientation to paste the picture into their books. We passed out the copies and the students glued it in their sketchbooks. I pulled up a powerpoint for The Gleaner on the screen. I had the kids write down the title, artist's name, and date. I asked them to repeat the name after me "zhawn-franswa meelay" (Jean-Francois Millet). I compared the image info with the title and author of a book. While they wrote, I told them about Millet's life, born on a farm, had 9 kids, often painted life he saw in the countryside in France. Looking at the date we noted it was in 1857, about 150 years ago- Cindy reminded the kids about how they have been learning how to subtract years to figure out time between events. I asked them if they or I or Ms O'Donnell were alive in 1857 (Nooooo). I said we could put images into time lines and asked them if William Penn, whom they'd been studying, came before or after this picture, (before).
We looked at the color image of The Gleaners, and I asked the students what colors they saw (green, white, blue, orange, etc). I asked them what shapes they saw in the image (circles, rectangles, squares) and asked them to trace over their copy to find the shapes they saw. I explained all artworks use basic shapes for the composition, even if it's realist art. We compared realist art, something the artist really saw and tried to paint exactly to non-fiction literature, and imaginative/abstract art to fiction.
I explained that artists use a similar process as writers, starting with a sketch. I showed them Millet's first sketch, and first painting version of The Gleaners, and compared it to their writing organizer and first draft. Then I showed them Millet's 2nd and 3rd sketches for The Gleaners and explained that artists edit and change their paintings just like writers edit and change their stories. I showed a comparison of the first version and the final version and asked students to identify what was different (background up close/far away, colors are different, vertical to horizontal orientation). I asked them if both pictures tell the same story? Do they have the same Main idea? When they weren't sure I asked is it more important if what the women are DOING is the same, or that WHERE they ARE important? They agreed "What the women are doing" is the most important. One student noticed that they ARE in the same place, but that they are closer to the background in the first version, and farther away from the background in the final painting. We confirmed that the MAIN IDEA of the Gleaners was the same in both, just some of the DETAILS had changed.
I showed them an engraving Millet had made of the Gleaners to further illustrate the writing comparison. Finally I showed them a progression slide that has the sketch-first version-new sketch-final-painting-and engraving to compare with the writing process of organizer-first draft-editing-final version-publishing.
We reached the end of the session and half the class had to get ready to leave. While we waited for the bell I reviewed the information we'd covered that day. "What for elements of art do you remember now?" (color, line, shape, space), "Who remembers the title of the painting we looked at?" (The Gleaners) "Can anyone remember the artist's name?" (this was tough) I explained next time we'd be writing about the painting. Cindy suggested I check my knowledge of their names again by selecting students to get packed up to leave.

As the elements of Art lesson took longer, and the fire drill interrupted us, we got a little behind. we've chosen to add a Monday visit to next week to accomplish our writing objectives before the trips come up. We also decided to continue working on the Gleaner, to work more in depth, and perhaps not do the Quilter photograph as a writing prompt. We 'll change the Fur Traders to a narrative writing, as this matches time-wise more with what the students are supposed to be learning in their literacy standards. I may need to change the four-square I made to simplify the information. The kids are much lower level than I'm aware, and I need help making the activities more level-appropriate. This rings true with my idea that residency artists need a lot more professional training on childhood development and different learning speeds.

Gleaners Foursquare

Students will be using the foursquare graphic organizer to plan their descriptive writing based off "The Gleaners" by Jean Francois Millet.

The Gleaners

Jean Francois Millet, The Gleaners, 1857

Getting ready for descriptive writing and use of the four square organizer while looking at art!